A Novel Early Warning Model for Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Prediction Based on a Graph Convolutional Network / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objectives@#Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a widespread infectious disease that causes a significant disease burden on society. To achieve early intervention and to prevent outbreaks of disease, we propose a novel warning model that can accurately predict the incidence of HFMD.@*Methods@#We propose a spatial-temporal graph convolutional network (STGCN) that combines spatial factors for surrounding cities with historical incidence over a certain time period to predict the future occurrence of HFMD in Guangdong and Shandong between 2011 and 2019. The 2011-2018 data served as the training and verification set, while data from 2019 served as the prediction set. Six important parameters were selected and verified in this model and the deviation was displayed by the root mean square error and the mean absolute error.@*Results@#As the first application using a STGCN for disease forecasting, we succeeded in accurately predicting the incidence of HFMD over a 12-week period at the prefecture level, especially for cities of significant concern.@*Conclusions@#This model provides a novel approach for infectious disease prediction and may help health administrative departments implement effective control measures up to 3 months in advance, which may significantly reduce the morbidity associated with HFMD in the future.

Dolor y discapacidad cervical de los trabajadores públicos usuarios de pantallas de visualización de datos / Pain and cervical disability among public workers who use data visualization display terminals

Resumen Los trastornos del cuello-hombro relacionados con el trabajo son un importante problema de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer el patrón de dolor y discapacidad cervical de trabajadores con pantallas de visualización de datos, así como determinar los factores que predominan en la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor de espalda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional, en una muestra de 88 trabajadores usuarios de ordenadores de la Consellería de Sanidade (Xunta de Galicia). Los trabajadores respondieron los cuestionarios: "Neck Disability Index", "Escala analógica visual", "12-item Short Form Health Survey" y se realizó un análisis postural. Para el análisis comparativo se realizaron las pruebas T Student y U de Mann-Whitney. Un análisis de regresión logística binaria se utilizó para la extracción de un modelo predictivo de episodio de dolor cervical. El 58% refirieron dolor cervical. No existieron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Las variables que mejor predicen la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor son el nivel de discapacidad y la calidad de vida física. Los resultados indican que un trabajador con altos niveles de discapacidad cervical y bajos valores de calidad de vida física, tiene mayor probabilidad de sufrir un episodio de dolor.

Abstract Work-related neck/shoulder disorders are considered an important health issue. This study is aimed at establishing the pain and cervical disability patterns of workers with visual display terminals, as well as at determining the factors that mostly affect the onset of a new episode of back pain. A descriptive, correlational study was carried out on a sample of 88 workers who use visual display terminals, of the Ministry of Health (Xunta de Galicia). The workers completed the following questionnaires: "Neck Disability Index Scale," "Visual Analog Scale," "12-item Short Form Health Survey," and an individual postural analysis was conducted. For the comparative analysis, the Student's t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were performed. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to extract a predictive model of a cervical pain episode, and 58% reported cervical pain. There were no differences between men and women. The variables that best predict the onset of a new episode of pain are the level of disability, and the quality of physical life. Study results indicate that a worker who uses visual display terminals, with high levels of cervical disability and low values of physical quality of life, is more likely to suffer an episode of back pain.

Impacto en el consumo de amikacina y ceftriaxone en una unidad de emergencias de adultos, luego de la implementación de una guía para el tratamiento de la infección urinaria alta / Impact on the consumption of ceftriaxone and amikacin in an adult emergency unit, after the implementation of a guide for the treatment of pyelonephritis

Introducción: los programas de optimización del uso de antimicrobianos son fundamentales para mejorar los resultados clínicos de los pacientes. Objetivos: determinar el impacto en el consumo de amikacina y ceftriaxona, además de cambios de sensibilidad de las principales bacterias en la unidad de emergencias del hospital Carlos van Buren de Valparaíso, Chile, luego de la implementación de una guía para el tratamiento de la ITU alta. Materiales y método: estudio cuasi-experimental antes/después. Se implementó una guía de tratamiento para la ITU alta, la cual fue enviada vía WhatsApp a los médicos de la unidad. Luego se midieron las dosis diarias definidas (DDD) de amikacina y ceftriaxona y se compararon con las DDD de los mismos meses del año anterior. Además se extrajo la sensibilidad de E.coli, K. pneumonia y P.mirabilis aisladas de urocultivos. Resultados: posterior a la intervención hubo un aumento de las DDD de amikacina y una disminución de las de ceftriaxona. K.pneumoniae mantuvo su sensibilidad a amikacina y la aumentó para cefotaxima, ertapenem y meropenem. Conclusiones: la implementación de una guía de tratamiento de la ITU alta aumentó el consumo de amikacina y disminuyó el de ceftriaxona. K.pneumoniae aumentó su sensibilidad a cefotaxima, ertapenem y meropenem.

Introduction: different antimicrobial stewardship programs are fundamental to improve clinical results in patients. Objectives: to determine the impact on amikacin and ceftriaxone consumption, in addition to knowing changes in sensitivity of the main agents in the emergency unit of the Carlos van Buren Hospital in Valparaíso, Chile, after the implementation of a treatment guide for pyelonephritis. Materials and methods: quasi-experimental before/after study. A treatment guide was implemented for pyelonephritis. The guide was sent by WhatsApp to all clinicians in the emergency unit. Following the intervention, amikacin and ceftriaxone defined daily dose (DDD) were measured and compared with the DDD for the same months of the previous year. In addition, the sensitivity of E.coli, K. pneumonia and P.mirabilis isolated from urine cultures was extracted. Results: after the intervention there was a sustained increase of the DDD of amikacin and a decrease in the DDD of ceftriaxone in the months studied period. K. pneumoniae maintained its sensitivity to amikacin and increased it to cefotaxime, ertapenem, and meropenem. Conclusions: The guide's implementation for treatment of high UTI in the emergency unit of the Carlos van Buren hospital increased the consumption of amikacin and decreased that of ceftriaxone. K. pneumoniae increased its sensitivity to cefotaxime, ertapenem and meropenem.

Dengue reports in Davao Region 2008-2019

@#The Regional Epidemiology Surveillance Unit of Region XI (RESU XI) regularly gathers and summarizes all reports on diseases of epidemic potential in Davao Region. The summary surveillance report, which is released on a weekly basis, reflects the number of patients reported to have particular reportable conditions based on presenting signs and/or symptoms, clinical suspicion, clinical diagnoses, or laboratory-confirmed diagnoses. This infographic shows the number of patients suspected to have dengue who were reported to the RESU XI from January 2008 to October 2019. A patient suspected to have dengue is a previously well person who develops an acute febrile illness for 2-7 days duration, and has at least two of the following signs and symptoms: headache, body malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flushed skin, and/or rash (petechial, Herman’s sign).1 These dengue reports are prepared by the 10 identified sentinel hospitals throughout Davao Region (6 in Davao City; 1 each in Davao del Norte, Davao Del Sur, Davao Oriental, and Compostela Valley). The first six graphs show data from Davao City and the individual provinces in Davao Region. Reports were counted based on the city or province where the patients came from. The large graph at the bottom represents overall counts for the entire Davao Region. Each bar in a graph represents the monthly number of patients reported.

Visual FTBL Generator: Visual Generation Tool for 13C-FLUX File

Abstract 13C metabolic flux analysis (13C-MFA) has achieved increasing significance in quantitative metabolic system analysis in recent years. In 13C metabolic flux analysis, 13C-FLUX software is a major analytical tool. The software's input script is primarily expressed in textual form without visual presentation of the structure of the entire metabolic network, thus error-prone in manual input. To solve this problem, we have developed a visual FTBL generator (VFG, available at http://47.100.98.220/vfg/index.jsp in a Google or Firefox browser)for MFA that eliminates the tedious, error-prone text entry mode and provides a user-friendly graphical interface and simple visual reaction generation functions.

Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database: Un sistema informático para el almacenamiento y manejo de datos clínicos y microbiológicos del paciente con fibrosis quística / Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database: An information system for storage and management of clinical and microbiological data of cystic fibrosis patients

El manejo clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con fibrosis quística (FQ) con exacerbaciones pulmonares agudas o infecciones pulmonares crónicas demanda una actualización permanente de procedimientos médicos y microbiológicos, estos se asocian con la constante evolución de los agentes patógenos durante la colonización de su hospedador. Para poder monitorear la dinámica de estos procesos es fundamental disponer de sistemas expertos que permitan almacenar, extraer y utilizar la información generada a partir de estudios realizados sobre el paciente y los microorganismos aislados de aquel. En este trabajo hemos diseñado y desarrollado una base de datos on-line basada en un sistema informático que permite el almacenamiento, el manejo y la visualización de la información proveniente de estudios clínicos y de análisis microbiológicos de bacterias obtenidas del tracto respiratorio del paciente con FQ. Este sistema informático fue designado como Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database (CFC database) y está disponible en el sitio http://servoy.infocomsa.com/cfc_database. Está compuesto por una base de datos principal y una interfaz on-line, la cual emplea la arquitectura de productos Servoy basada en tecnología Java. Si bien el sistema CFC database puede ser implementado como un programa local de uso privado en los centros de asistencia a pacientes con FQ, admite también la posibilidad de ser empleado, actualizado y compartido por diferentes usuarios, quienes pueden acceder a la información almacenada de manera ordenada, práctica y segura. La implementación del CFC database podría tener una gran impacto en la monitorización de las infecciones respiratorias, la prevención de exacerbaciones, la detección de organismos emergentes y la adecuación de las estrategias de control de infecciones pulmonares en pacientes con FQ

The epidemiological and clinical management of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suffering from acute pulmonary exacerbations or chronic lung infections demands continuous updating of medical and microbiological processes associated with the constant evolution of pathogens during host colonization. In order to monitor the dynamics of these processes, it is essential to have expert systems capable of storing and subsequently extracting the information generated from different studies of the patients and microorganisms isolated from them. In this work we have designed and developed an on-line database based on an information system that allows to store, manage and visualize data from clinical studies and microbiological analysis of bacteria obtained from the respiratory tract of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. The information system, named Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database is available on the http://servoy.infocomsa.com/cfc_database site and is composed of a main database and a web-based interface, which uses Servoy's product architecture based on Java technology. Although the CFC database system can be implemented as a local program for private use in CF centers, it can also be used, updated and shared by different users who can access the stored information in a systematic, practical and safe manner. The implementation of the CFC database could have a significant impact on the monitoring of respiratory infections, the prevention of exacerbations, the detection of emerging organisms, and the adequacy of control strategies for lung infections in CF patients

Corpo e tecnologias de visualização médica: entre a fragmentação na cultura do espetáculo e a fenomenologia do corpo vivido / The body and medical visualization technologies: between fragmentation in the culture of the spectacle and the phenomenology of the living body

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto das tecnologias da visualização médica sobre a corporeidade no contexto da cultura do espetáculo. O sucesso dessas tecnologias para além do âmbito estritamente biomédico deve ser compreendido no contexto da visualidade espetacular. Tanto a visualidade espetacular como a visualidade médica colocam em questão o estatuto do Real corporal e oferecem a imagem do corpo como o próprio corpo, um corpo que é ao mesmo tempo real e virtual. O corpo virtual é um ícone da cultura do espetáculo, na qual a imagem atinge uma materialidade singular que compete pelo estatuto de realidade com a materialidade do corpo físico. A esse modelo se opõe nossa experiência encarnada do corpo físico unificado, como sujeito de ação no mundo, que implica o conjunto dos sentidos e que escapa na mera apreensão visual e objetivante da mídia e das tecnologias de imageamento. Portanto, a corporificação imaterial das tecnologias médicas é uma pseudocorporificação, na qual o que se perde é a substância, o corpo.